Efficiency is not that that important in an era of negative price electricity.
Synfuel made just from air and electricity is doable (both water and carbon dioxyde can be extracted from the atmosphere). And with 10% of what's spend on IA we'd be way out of the lab...
Thankfully there are military budgets (synfuel makes sense on a nuclear carrier)
It beats it by mostly not using the turbines. The turbines are there for long range diversions which should happen rarely enough to not really matter in terms of carbon release.
You are right this seems to be misleading in a calculated way. And just because this is a junk paper doesn’t mean the groundwater issues aren’t real. I don’t really know who would be incentivized to publish this because as you say if it’s environmentalists they risk discrediting themselves.
People will think you are exaggerating, you aren’t. They will also think I’m exaggerating that you aren’t, I’m not. Learning about capability-based microkernels and realizing this has been a solved problem for years, and is actually one of the rare easy freebie problems in computing, is a highly sobering experience!
Only thing I disagree on is that we lost that knowledge, we did not, there isn’t much to capabilities, they actually simplify OS design IMO.
> It’s rude too because is expecting me to pick up their slack.
I just had to deal with this, they never pushed back on my PR comments, just copy pasted everything I said back into Claude. Its just second hand vibe coding at that point, might as well fire the middle man…
This is awful advice… Academia, specifically STEM, is already oversaturated with people on the opposite side of the spectrum from “attention difficulties” but are otherwise only above-average people intellectually. They were able to follow the beaten path to the letter all their lives, but are not really capable of making meaningful contributions to their field. We should be filtering these people out more not less.
That can work both ways for every brilliant person there is also the completely antisocial brilliant person whom cannot work within groups. One of the best mathematician's I worked with just could not work with other people eventually, he was let go another just could not follow instructions he tried to do too much and he was also let go from our design department. Both did made it through school and we’re qualified.
I've seen microkernels mentioned a few times between these LPE posts and I'm curious about why. Would they be fundamentally more secure against forgetting to add bounds checking, or assuming user-provided input buffers should be writable without checking?
Yes, because as a userspace program if you forget to do bounds checking or read the wrong thing, the kernel kills the process. But if the buggy code is the kernel then there’s no protection. Microkernels aim to have as little code as required in kernel space.
Yeah it's an interesting angle in the article. The EUV light source technology is completely designed, developed, and manufactured by Cymer in California, which is a US company that ASML acquired in 2013. If export control agreements were not in place then ASML would have never been permitted to acquire Cymer. And if they are not enforced then the US would almost certainly require ASML to sell Cymer back to US ownership, TikTok-style.
The reality is that it's American technology that is used in ASML machines so I don't know why the article tries to frame it like it's a competition.
There is much more in an ASML machine, besides the UV source.
So the ASML machines combine technologies developed in various places, not only in USA, even if the UV source is indeed a critical component. While an ASML machine would not work without the UV source, it would also not work without many other critical optical and mechanical components.
If it were so easy to make a lithography machine when you have a UV source, Cymer would have remained an independent company or it would have been bought by a US company. Cymer has been bought by their only customer.
The same happens when you look at a PC, it is likely that it contains something essential that comes from USA, i.e. the CPU logic may be designed by AMD, but the manufacturing technology is designed in Taiwan, the memories may be designed and made in Korea, other chips may be designed and made in Taiwan, other components come from Japan, the PCB may have been designed in Taiwan, but actually made in China, and so on.
So yes, it has some important US technology in it, but there is a very long way from a CPU logic design to a physical computer and most of that rarely has anything to do with USA.
While this is all true, I think it should be emphasized that the EUV source and supporting it with optics (Zeiss) and other machinery is the primary engineering effort around the development of lithographic systems.
The primary difference between this machine and its predecessor is the degree to which it has been optimized around the specific EUV light source.
Your take is also a bad one. No what asml builds is not American technology. Why asml succeeded is because they got tons of company’s and people to help them advance the technology of the chip industry. Yes it wouldn’t be possible without the Americans. But it would also not be possible without the Europeans, the Koreans, etc… what asml did was basically ask the technology leaders in each field to build their best product so that they can take their parts and assembly this awesome piece of technology.
My understanding based on reading Chip Wars was that Cymer only made the lasers (which are underneath the machine you see in photos). The rest of the mechanism with the tin droplets and cameras and mirrors to aim the lasers etc came from ASML and its other suppliers.
xLight is the promising new US competitor to Cymer. Lots of funding from the US CHIPS And Science Act. Founded by Dept. of Energy engineers who formerly worked on large-scale X-Ray systems and particle accelerators.
It wasn't just "permitted." The technology under discussion here was funded by the US the DOE and Intel and deliberately transferred by the US to ASML (and not, for example, a Japanese company or Samsung) as part of a soft power exercise.
It's crazy that Europeans keep citing ASML as a strong example of European innovation.
It is a strong example of European innovation though. It’s a multinational project. I wasn’t casting shade on ASML, I was just pointing out the wording of the article implies some sort of competition between ASML and the US that does not exist.
This does not appear to be true. “Judicial” is etymologically unrelated to “Judaic” fyi.
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